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我们有时需要在 robots.txt Disallow和Allow某一目录或文件，但是不知道该如何去写。其实，对于有关联的目录来说，我们只需遵循一个原则，就好处理了，那就是：先写 Disallow 再写 Allow 。我们看看Google的robots.txt ，如图：

robots.txt Disallow和Allow上下级目录或文件的写法

上图看到：

• 先 Disallow /search 这个目录，再 Allow /search/about 这个目录或文件
• 先 Disallow /m/ 这个目录，再 Allow /m/finance 这个目录或文件

书写先后顺序是，先 Disallow 上级目录，再 Allow 下级目录或文件。理解这个，就不难写出满足自己要求的 robots.txt 了。

通配符（*）和美元符号（$）的使用

我们在上图看到几个字符： * 和 $，还有问号（?），如何理解和使用这些符号呢？

• 星号（*） 是通配符，表示任意字符的意思。
• 美元符号（$）是结束符，表示字符串到此结束。
• 问号（?）就是网址里的问号字符，没有特别含义。

上图例子中，如：

Disallow: /?hl=*

星号（*）可匹配任意字符或字符串。而：

Allow: /?gws_rd=ssl$

则表示以“/?gws_rd=ssl”结束，ssl 后面不能有任何字符了。参考文章：

• robots.txt 语法详解：*、$、?等字符的含义及用法

最后，附上google的robots.txt，我们可从中了解更多的写法。

User-agent: *
Disallow: /search
Allow: /search/about
Allow: /search/howsearchworks
Disallow: /sdch
Disallow: /groups
Disallow: /index.html?
Disallow: /?
Allow: /?hl=
Disallow: /?hl=*&
Allow: /?hl=*&gws_rd=ssl$
Disallow: /?hl=*&*&gws_rd=ssl
Allow: /?gws_rd=ssl$
Allow: /?pt1=true$
Disallow: /imgres
Disallow: /u/
Disallow: /preferences
Disallow: /setprefs
Disallow: /default
Disallow: /m?
Disallow: /m/
Allow: /m/finance
Disallow: /wml?
Disallow: /wml/?
Disallow: /wml/search?
Disallow: /xhtml?
Disallow: /xhtml/?
Disallow: /xhtml/search?
Disallow: /xml?
Disallow: /imode?
Disallow: /imode/?
Disallow: /imode/search?
Disallow: /jsky?
Disallow: /jsky/?
Disallow: /jsky/search?
Disallow: /pda?
Disallow: /pda/?
Disallow: /pda/search?
Disallow: /sprint_xhtml
Disallow: /sprint_wml
Disallow: /pqa
Disallow: /palm
Disallow: /gwt/
Disallow: /purchases
Disallow: /local?
Disallow: /local_url
Disallow: /shihui?
Disallow: /shihui/
Disallow: /products?
Disallow: /product_
Disallow: /products_
Disallow: /products;
Disallow: /print
Disallow: /books/
Disallow: /bkshp?*q=*
Disallow: /books?*q=*
Disallow: /books?*output=*
Disallow: /books?*pg=*
Disallow: /books?*jtp=*
Disallow: /books?*jscmd=*
Disallow: /books?*buy=*
Disallow: /books?*zoom=*
Allow: /books?*q=related:*
Allow: /books?*q=editions:*
Allow: /books?*q=subject:*
Allow: /books/about
Allow: /booksrightsholders
Allow: /books?*zoom=1*
Allow: /books?*zoom=5*
Allow: /books/content?*zoom=1*
Allow: /books/content?*zoom=5*
Disallow: /ebooks/
Disallow: /ebooks?*q=*
Disallow: /ebooks?*output=*
Disallow: /ebooks?*pg=*
Disallow: /ebooks?*jscmd=*
Disallow: /ebooks?*buy=*
Disallow: /ebooks?*zoom=*
Allow: /ebooks?*q=related:*
Allow: /ebooks?*q=editions:*
Allow: /ebooks?*q=subject:*
Allow: /ebooks?*zoom=1*
Allow: /ebooks?*zoom=5*
Disallow: /patents?
Disallow: /patents/download/
Disallow: /patents/pdf/
Disallow: /patents/related/
Disallow: /scholar
Disallow: /citations?
Allow: /citations?user=
Disallow: /citations?*cstart=
Allow: /citations?view_op=new_profile
Allow: /citations?view_op=top_venues
Allow: /scholar_share
Disallow: /s?
Allow: /maps?*output=classic*
Allow: /maps?*file=
Allow: /maps/api/js?
Allow: /maps/d/
Disallow: /maps?
Disallow: /mapstt?
Disallow: /mapslt?
Disallow: /maps/stk/
Disallow: /maps/br?
Disallow: /mapabcpoi?
Disallow: /maphp?
Disallow: /mapprint?
Disallow: /maps/api/js/
Disallow: /maps/api/staticmap?
Disallow: /maps/api/streetview
Disallow: /mld?
Disallow: /staticmap?
Disallow: /maps/preview
Disallow: /maps/place
Disallow: /help/maps/streetview/partners/welcome/
Disallow: /help/maps/indoormaps/partners/
Disallow: /lochp?
Disallow: /center
Disallow: /ie?
Disallow: /blogsearch/
Disallow: /blogsearch_feeds
Disallow: /advanced_blog_search
Disallow: /uds/
Disallow: /chart?
Disallow: /transit?
Disallow: /extern_js/
Disallow: /xjs/
Disallow: /calendar/feeds/
Disallow: /calendar/ical/
Disallow: /cl2/feeds/
Disallow: /cl2/ical/
Disallow: /coop/directory
Disallow: /coop/manage
Disallow: /trends?
Disallow: /trends/music?
Disallow: /trends/hottrends?
Disallow: /trends/viz?
Disallow: /trends/embed.js?
Disallow: /trends/fetchComponent?
Disallow: /trends/beta
Disallow: /musica
Disallow: /musicad
Disallow: /musicas
Disallow: /musicl
Disallow: /musics
Disallow: /musicsearch
Disallow: /musicsp
Disallow: /musiclp
Disallow: /urchin_test/
Disallow: /movies?
Disallow: /wapsearch?
Allow: /safebrowsing/diagnostic
Allow: /safebrowsing/report_badware/
Allow: /safebrowsing/report_error/
Allow: /safebrowsing/report_phish/
Disallow: /reviews/search?
Disallow: /orkut/albums
Disallow: /cbk
Allow: /cbk?output=tile&cb_client=maps_sv
Disallow: /maps/api/js/AuthenticationService.Authenticate
Disallow: /maps/api/js/QuotaService.RecordEvent
Disallow: /recharge/dashboard/car
Disallow: /recharge/dashboard/static/
Disallow: /profiles/me
Allow: /profiles
Disallow: /s2/profiles/me
Allow: /s2/profiles
Allow: /s2/oz
Allow: /s2/photos
Allow: /s2/search/social
Allow: /s2/static
Disallow: /s2
Disallow: /transconsole/portal/
Disallow: /gcc/
Disallow: /aclk
Disallow: /cse?
Disallow: /cse/home
Disallow: /cse/panel
Disallow: /cse/manage
Disallow: /tbproxy/
Disallow: /imesync/
Disallow: /shenghuo/search?
Disallow: /support/forum/search?
Disallow: /reviews/polls/
Disallow: /hosted/images/
Disallow: /ppob/?
Disallow: /ppob?
Disallow: /accounts/ClientLogin
Disallow: /accounts/ClientAuth
Disallow: /accounts/o8
Allow: /accounts/o8/id
Disallow: /topicsearch?q=
Disallow: /xfx7/
Disallow: /squared/api
Disallow: /squared/search
Disallow: /squared/table
Disallow: /qnasearch?
Disallow: /app/updates
Disallow: /sidewiki/entry/
Disallow: /quality_form?
Disallow: /labs/popgadget/search
Disallow: /buzz/post
Disallow: /compressiontest/
Disallow: /analytics/feeds/
Disallow: /analytics/partners/comments/
Disallow: /analytics/portal/
Disallow: /analytics/uploads/
Allow: /alerts/manage
Allow: /alerts/remove
Disallow: /alerts/
Allow: /alerts/$
Disallow: /ads/search?
Disallow: /ads/plan/action_plan?
Disallow: /ads/plan/api/
Disallow: /ads/hotels/partners
Disallow: /phone/compare/?
Disallow: /travel/clk
Disallow: /hotelfinder/rpc
Disallow: /hotels/rpc
Disallow: /flights/rpc
Disallow: /commercesearch/services/
Disallow: /evaluation/
Disallow: /chrome/browser/mobile/tour
Disallow: /compare/*/apply*
Disallow: /forms/perks/
Disallow: /shopping/suppliers/search
Disallow: /ct/
Disallow: /edu/cs4hs/
Disallow: /trustedstores/s/
Disallow: /trustedstores/tm2
Disallow: /trustedstores/verify
Disallow: /adwords/proposal
Disallow: /shopping/product/
Disallow: /shopping/seller
Disallow: /shopping/reviewer
Disallow: /about/careers/apply/
Disallow: /about/careers/applications/
Disallow: /landing/signout.html
Disallow: /webmasters/sitemaps/ping?
Disallow: /ping?
Disallow: /gallery/
Disallow: /landing/now/ontap/
Allow: /searchhistory/
Allow: /maps/reserve
Allow: /maps/reserve/partners
Disallow: /maps/reserve/api/
Disallow: /maps/reserve/search
Disallow: /maps/reserve/bookings
Disallow: /maps/reserve/settings
Disallow: /maps/reserve/manage
Disallow: /maps/reserve/payment
Disallow: /maps/reserve/receipt
Disallow: /maps/reserve/sellersignup
Disallow: /maps/reserve/payments
Disallow: /maps/reserve/feedback
Disallow: /maps/reserve/terms
Disallow: /maps/reserve/m/
Disallow: /maps/reserve/b/
Disallow: /maps/reserve/partner-dashboard
Disallow: /about/views/
Disallow: /intl/*/about/views/

# Certain social media sites are whitelisted to allow crawlers to access page markup when links to google.com/imgres* are shared. To learn more, please contact images-robots-whitelist@google.com.
User-agent: Twitterbot
Allow: /imgres

User-agent: facebookexternalhit
Allow: /imgres

Sitemap: http://www.gstatic.com/s2/sitemaps/profiles-sitemap.xml
Sitemap: https://www.google.com/sitemap.xml

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